The purpose is to off-load from the host computer the work of managing the peripheral devices, transmitting and receiving messages, packet assembly and disassembly, error detection, and error correction.
They use the vector-error correction model and such variables as the price-to-rent ratio, mortgage credit per household in real terms, and real salary per worker.
Furthermore, improved compression and error correction schemes were introduced in the newest protocols, requiring processing power by the modem itself.